Priming charge.



, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

witmaivi H. BUELL, or NEW HAVEN, CONNECTQECUE- ASSIGNQR r WINCHESTER BTEPI'IATING ARMS COMPANY, or NEW HAVEN, oommoriourja CORPORATION or a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven,

State of Connecticut, have invented ,a new and useful, Improvement 1D. Pruning Charges; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereofp My invention relates t'oa primmgcharge for use in igniting explosives, which'is of especial utility in igniting the various smokeless and black powders when used 1n center fire and I'll fire ammunition;

The purpose of .my invention is to produce 4 a priming charge which is particularly suited for use with powders as now employed in firearms, and pa ticularly small arms, such charge producing an explosion ofnot too priming charge by mixing intimately a det onating salt of hydrazoic acid with a suitable nitrated' organic body. For instance, I

' may add 3 parts by weight of nitre'cellulose (preferably high nitrogen insoluble) to 1 part" of lead hydrazoate, and mix the same to produce a substantially homogeneous product. "While the detonating salts of hydrazoic acid are to brz'scmt for use alone.

in firearms, andespecially in smal-larms, the mixture above described will be found suitable for such use, the local pressure of the explosion being reduced, and its heat in.- creased. Substantially no res due is left which may injure the shellor the bore of the arm. \Vhile I prefer to use the lead salt, I mav use other detonating salts of hydrazoic acid. for instance the silver salt; I may even use the mercury. salt, although this salt does not give all the contemplated advantages,- as it leaves a residue which is apt to foi -m a harmful amalgam with the metal of the shell In place of the nitrocellul r. se I may employ some other suitable nitrated organic body such for instance, as nitrated starch, til chromatic nitro compounds as trinitrotoluene: the nitro derivativesof carbamid or urea as nitrour the aromatic diazo salts as diazobrmzenc nitrate; and the aromatic dimoaiuido compounds as diazoamldo ben- ZQHQ. While the proportions most suitable for the mixture maydifler with various 'subby centrifugal force.'-

Patented A11 4', 1914.

CONNECTICUT.

, Pun/LING CHARGE.

1,106,343. Specification of Letters- Patent.

, Ho Drawing.

Application filed October 21'. 1913. Serial No. 796,441.

stances, and also with various powders in connectionwith which the mixture is to be used, they are easily determined by any one skilled in the art. v

I desire,it to be understood that it is pos "sible that some nitratedorganic' bodies, in

combination with a detonating salt of'hydrazoic acid may not produce a primer having the explosive qualities above described, and

that I therefore include in my invention the use of such bodies only as will .in such com I bina-tion produce such a. primer.

It is also to be understood that the term detonatin g salt of hydrazoic acid as used in theart, and by me in this spt cification, refersonly to a salt of the heavy metals, and does not include salts of the alkali metals, although. such salts may have slight detonat- 'ing properties under certain abnormal conditions.

The mixtures above specifically referred to constitute a fine white or light colored mass which may be moistened with a. gum solution and then introduced into the primer cups, .where it is seated under heavy pressure, and may then, if desired,- be covered with paper or foil, or by a thin film of.

collodion. An .anvil of any suitable construction maythen beinserted into the cups.

When the primer is to be used inrimfireammunition 1t 15 preferably given the treatment with the gum-solution and then driven into the annular rinrof the cartridge shell It may then'be covered by collodion. I

The primer mixtures described in the above specific examples are homogeneous in character. and of the proper igniting quality, so that a hot and uniform flame is produced without excess of local pressure and with a minimum of harmful residue or none at all. The flame produced has the proper velocity and intensity to ignite the, powder charge before imparting any appreciable motion to it before ignition, and thus effects an explosion having the, maximum pressure near the breech of thejgun, and not one which is delayed until the charge nears the muzzle, the. portion of the barrel least adapt- .ed to \vithstand'bursting pressure.

Vvhile I may add other substances to my priming mixture, lqprefer not to do so.

' Thus, chlorate of potash, or some other oxidizin com wound such as the )erchlora-tes v e I V a 4 nltrates and peroxide of barium, potassium,-

etc, may be added'tethefinixfiure, or'i'n A I suitable 'fornse in connection with firearms,

' substituted for certain ingredientsibufi their pre'sen'me is usually undesirable caving m the lproductien "of an. increased 1bca 1 pressure.

I The subject niattero'fmy invention must not be cnnfused with detonators; nor with primiri' charges which are not suitable for use-in: 1162111118; Tome L kea priming charge' ,suitehl efor use in firearms it must net be too violent inaction, bubmu's-t, 0nthe ether hand, becz pable of being exploded by che eetioncf the firing pin mother-firing mech unism' striking against the casing which I snltableforu and a charge. therein, sald charge containing contains the charge.

When I refer in my claims te a asing I mezintc include in such term any centainei which is suitable fertile purpose indicated, nemely to permit the charge 'to he-zzlicted on by thefiringinechavnism, Y I claim:

'1. As an art? -13 of manufacture a casing suitable for ur-- m conneetien with firearms, and a chargetherein, said chargeicontaining' a inixture'efja, detcnating salt "of hydrazoic I acidfelid a nitreted organic body; substen tially n s-and ifet me-purpose described.

2. As an'jarticleef mannfqcture e casing suiteblejfor use-in Connection with fire-arms,

and a. charge therein, seidfcharge contain ing a, mixture of a detoneting salt of hydra:

' zoic acid and a nitratedcarbohydrate; substantially as and for the, purpcs'e described.

-' purpose described.

' iny-hend inthe "WI'EIIGSSGS.

- As ail article of manufacture a casing and a charge. thereiInsaid charge containing a mixture cf 3, deton'ating salt of hydra-mic acid and trocellulcse, substantially as and.

cse described.

4. anarticle'of'manufacture a casing;

in connection with fire-arms a, mixture of Ieed'hydrezoate and a, nitret ed carbohydrate,- substantially as and for the As an article of man ufacturee casing suitable fornse in connection'with fire-arms, and a charge therein, said charge containing a mixture cf lead hydrezoat'e'and nitrocellulose, substantially as and for the purpose described. r

,In testimony whereof I have hereunto set WILLIAM H BUELL Witnessesi FRITZ ZIEGLER, J12,

. JOHN A. FERG SON 1e cf manufacture-a. *casing presence of two subscribing 

